三九養(yǎng)生堂記者 鄧肯·蓋伊 報(bào)道
精彩| 西??(xi)周??(zhou)王??(wang)朝??(chao)的??(de)建??(jian)立??(li)??，通?(tong)過(guò)??(guo)對(duì)??(dui)四??(si)土??(tu)、四??(si)方??(fang)持??(chi)續(xù)??(xu)大??(da)規(guī)??(gui)模?(mo)的??(de)軍??(jun)事??(shi)征??(zheng)服??(fu)以??(yi)及??(ji)在??(zai)此??(ci)基??(ji)礎(chǔ)??(chu)上??(shang)的??(de)大??(da)批??(pi)封??(feng)建??(jian)??，開(kāi)?(kai)拓??(tuo)出??(chu)了??(le)空??(kong)前??(qian)廣??(guang)袤??(mao)的??(de)疆??(jiang)域??(yu)?。??特??(te)別??(bie)是??(shi)對(duì)??(dui)燕??(yan)、齊??(qi)、魯??(lu)、晉??(jin)、吳??(wu)等?(deng)諸??(zhu)侯??(hou)國(guó)??(guo)的??(de)封??(feng)建??(jian)??，具??(ju)有??(you)重??(zhong)要??(yao)的??(de)戰(zhàn)??(zhan)略??(lve)意?(yi)義??(yi)和??(he)長(zhǎng)??(chang)遠(yuǎn)??(yuan)眼??(yan)光??(guang)?。周??(zhou)人?(ren)在?(zai)西??(xi)土??(tu)的??(de)基??(ji)礎(chǔ)??(chu)上??(shang)??，大??(da)體??(ti)上??(shang)控??(kong)制??(zhi)了??(le)北??(bei)自??(zi)燕??(yan)山??(shan)以??(yi)南??(nan)??，東??(dong)部??(bu)濱??(bin)海??(hai)??，南??(nan)至??(zhi)江??(jiang)淮??(huai)地??(di)區(qū)??(qu)的??(de)大??(da)片??(pian)國(guó)??(guo)土??(tu)??，從??(cong)而??(er)初??(chu)步??(bu)奠??(dian)定??(ding)了??(le)中??(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)古??(gu)代??(dai)統(tǒng)??(tong)一??(yi)的??(de)中??(zhong)原??(yuan)王??(wang)朝??(chao)政??(zheng)治??(zhi)地?(di)理??(li)的??(de)基??(ji)礎(chǔ)??(chu)?。王??(wang)國(guó)??(guo)維??(wei)先??(xian)生??(sheng)稱??(cheng)“中??(zhong)國(guó)?(guo)政??(zheng)治??(zhi)與??(yu)文??(wen)化??(hua)之??(zhi)變??(bian)革??(ge)??，莫?(mo)劇??(ju)于??(yu)殷??(yin)周?(zhou)之??(zhi)際??(ji)??！蓖??(tong)過(guò)?(guo)政??(zheng)治??(zhi)的??(de)、軍??(jun)事??(shi)的??(de)、經(jīng)??(jing)濟(jì)??(ji)的??(de)、文??(wen)化??(hua)的?(de)影??(ying)響??(xiang)??，周??(zhou)人??(ren)牢??(lao)牢??(lao)地??(di)控??(kong)制??(zhi)了??(le)千??(qian)里??(li)邦??(bang)畿??(ji)和??(he)遼??(liao)闊?(kuo)的??(de)四??(si)土??(tu)、四??(si)方?(fang)??，并??(bing)在??(zai)此??(ci)背??(bei)景?(jing)下??(xia)??，初祝(chu)步??(bu)孕?(yun)育??(yu)了??(le)“溥??(pu)天??(tian)之??(zhi)下?(xia)??，莫??(mo)非??(fei)王??(wang)土??(tu)??，率??(lv)土??(tu)之??(zhi)濱??(bin)??，莫??(mo)非??(fei)王??(wang)臣??(chen)”的??(de)朦??(meng)朧??(long)的??(de)天??(tian)下??(xia)一?(yi)統(tǒng)??(tong)觀??(guan)念??(nian)?。在??(zai)周?(zhou)人??(ren)對(duì)??(dui)千??(qian)里??(li)邦??(bang)畿??(ji)和??(he)四??(si)土??(tu)、四??(si)方??(fang)有??(you)效??(xiao)行?(xing)使??(shi)政??(zheng)治??(zhi)、經(jīng)??(jing)濟(jì)??(ji)、軍??(jun)事??(shi)等??(deng)國(guó)??(guo)家??(jia)主??(zhu)權(quán)??(quan)的??(de)同??(tong)時(shí)?(shi)??，以??(yi)夏??(xia)、商??(shang)、周??(zhou)為??(wei)主??(zhu)體??(ti)的??(de)族?(zu)群??(qun)在?(zai)與??(yu)周??(zhou)邊??(bian)各??(ge)族??(zu)頻??(pin)繁??(fan)的??(de)政?(zheng)治??(zhi)、軍??(jun)事??(shi)、經(jīng)??(jing)濟(jì)??(ji)往??(wang)來(lái)??(lai)和??(he)文??(wen)化??(hua)交?(jiao)流??(liu)過(guò)??(guo)程??(cheng)中??(zhong)??，以??(yi)中??(zhong)原??(yuan)地??(di)區(qū)??(qu)所??(suo)在??(zai)的??(de)黃??(huang)河??(he)中??(zhong)下??(xia)游??(you)地?(di)區(qū)??(qu)為??(wei)舞?(wu)臺(tái)??(tai)??，滲??(shen)透??(tou)混??(hun)融?(rong)??，增??(zeng)殖??(zhi)裂??(lie)變??(bian)??，民??(min)族??(zu)融??(rong)合??(he)空??(kong)前??(qian)加??(jia)速??(su)??，為??(wei)漢??(han)民??(min)族?(zu)的??(de)前??(qian)身??(shen)??，華??(hua)夏??(xia)民??(min)族?(zu)的??(de)形??(xing)成??(cheng)奠??(dian)定?(ding)了??(le)堅(jiān)??(jian)實(shí)??(shi)的??(de)基??(ji)礎(chǔ)??(chu)?。周??(zhou)初?(chu)政??(zheng)治??(zhi)家??(jia)在??(zai)對(duì)??(dui)四??(si)土??(tu)、四?(si)方??(fang)進(jìn)?(jin)行??(xing)控??(kong)制?(zhi)和??(he)管??(guan)理??(li)的??(de)過(guò)??(guo)程??(cheng)中??(zhong)??，不??(bu)斷??(duan)汲??(ji)取??(qu)歷?(li)史??(shi)經(jīng)??(jing)驗(yàn)??(yan)教??(jiao)訓(xùn)??(xun)??，“明?(ming)德??(de)慎??(shen)罰??(fa)”??，建??(jian)立??(li)起??(qi)維??(wei)護(hù)??(hu)西??(xi)周??(zhou)時(shí)??(shi)期??(qi)各??(ge)級(jí)??(ji)等??(deng)級(jí)??(ji)秩?(zhi)序??(xu)的??(de)禮?(li)樂(lè)??(le)制??(zhi)度??(du)?。周??(zhou)人??(ren)積??(ji)極??(ji)倡??(chang)導(dǎo)??(dao)并??(bing)長(zhǎng)??(chang)期??(qi)實(shí)??(shi)踐??(jian)的??(de)“德??(de)”的??(de)觀??(guan)念??(nian)及??(ji)影??(ying)響??(xiang)周??(zhou)人??(ren)政??(zheng)治??(zhi)、軍??(jun)事??(shi)、文?(wen)化?(hua)等??(deng)方??(fang)方??(fang)面?(mian)面??(mian)的??(de)禮??(li)樂(lè)??(le)文??(wen)明??(ming)??，構(gòu)??(gou)成??(cheng)孔??(kong)子??(zi)仁??(ren)禮??(li)學(xué)??(xue)說(shuō)??(shuo)的??(de)重??(zhong)要??(yao)源??(yuan)頭??(tou)??，并?(bing)匯??(hui)入??(ru)數(shù)??(shu)千??(qian)年??(nian)來(lái)?(lai)中??(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)傳??(chuan)統(tǒng)??(tong)文??(wen)化??(hua)的??(de)主??(zhu)干??(gan)??，成??(cheng)為??(wei)中??(zhong)華??(hua)民??(min)族??(zu)生??(sheng)生?(sheng)不??(bu)息??(xi)、發(fā)??(fa)展??(zhan)壯??(zhuang)大??(da)的??(de)豐??(feng)厚??(hou)滋??(zi)養(yǎng)??(yang)??，支??(zhi)撐??(cheng)著?(zhe)中??(zhong)華??(hua)民??(min)族??(zu)生??(sheng)生??(sheng)不??(bu)息??(xi)??，薪??(xin)火??(huo)相??(xiang)傳??(chuan)?。綜??(zong)上??(shang)可??(ke)知??(zhi)??，西??(xi)周??(zhou)王?(wang)朝??(chao)才??(cai)可??(ke)以??(yi)稱??(cheng)得??(de)上??(shang)政??(zheng)治??(zhi)地??(di)理??(li)學(xué)??(xue)、民??(min)族??(zu)學(xué)??(xue)視??(shi)閾??(yu)和??(he)文??(wen)化??(hua)中??(zhong)國(guó)?(guo)意??(yi)義??(yi)上??(shang)的?(de)“最??(zui)早??(zao)的??(de)中??(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)”??！ ∠??(xia)商??(shang)是??(shi)我?(wo)國(guó)??(guo)歷??(li)史??(shi)上??(shang)最??(zui)早??(zao)出??(chu)現(xiàn)??(xian)的??(de)??，有??(you)別??(bie)于??(yu)酋??(qiu)邦??(bang)、古??(gu)國(guó)??(guo)的??(de)兩??(liang)個(gè)??(ge)早??(zao)期??(qi)國(guó)??(guo)家??(jia)??。??夏??(xia)商??(shang)時(shí)??(shi)期??(qi)中??(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)歷?(li)史??(shi)已??(yi)經(jīng)??(jing)步??(bu)入??(ru)文??(wen)明?(ming)時(shí)??(shi)代?(dai)??，是?(shi)無(wú)??(wu)可??(ke)爭(zhēng)??(zheng)議??(yi)的??(de)??。然??(ran)而??(er)??，在??(zai)部??(bu)落??(luo)聯(lián)??(lian)盟??(meng)基??(ji)礎(chǔ)??(chu)上??(shang)建??(jian)立?(li)起??(qi)來(lái)??(lai)的??(de)夏?(xia)商??(shang)共??(gong)主??(zhu)政??(zheng)體??(ti)制??(zhi)國(guó)??(guo)家??(jia)??，文??(wen)獻(xiàn)?(xian)和?(he)卜??(bu)辭??(ci)中??(zhong)仍??(reng)僅??(jin)僅??(jin)稱??(cheng)作??(zuo)夏??(xia)邑?(yi)、大??(da)邑??(yi)商??(shang)???！渡??(shang)書??(shu)·湯?(tang)誓??(shi)》：“夏??(xia)王??(wang)率??(lv)遏??(e)眾??(zhong)力??(li)??，率??(lv)割?(ge)夏??(xia)邑??(yi)???！薄妒??(shi)記??(ji)·殷??(yin)本??(ben)紀(jì)??(ji)》則??(ze)說(shuō)??(shuo)：“夏??(xia)王??(wang)率??(lv)止??(zhi)眾??(zhong)力??(li)??，率??(lv)奪??(duo)夏?(xia)國(guó)??(guo)???！痹??(zai)古??(gu)代??(dai)人??(ren)們??(men)心??(xin)目??(mu)中??(zhong)??，夏??(xia)邑??(yi)亦??(yi)即??(ji)夏??(xia)國(guó)??(guo)??，所??(suo)以??(yi)《國(guó)??(guo)語(yǔ)??(yu)·周??(zhou)語(yǔ)??(yu)上??(shang)》說(shuō)??(shuo)：“伊??(yi)洛??(luo)竭??(jie)而??(er)夏??(xia)亡??(wang)??。”夏??(xia)商??(shang)時(shí)??(shi)期??(qi)??，政??(zheng)局??(ju)常?(chang)處??(chu)于??(yu)不??(bu)穩(wěn)??(wen)定??(ding)狀??(zhuang)態(tài)??(tai)??，政??(zheng)治??(zhi)中?(zhong)心??(xin)遷??(qian)徙??(xi)頻??(pin)繁??(fan)??。張??(zhang)衡??(heng)《西??(xi)京??(jing)賦??(fu)》說(shuō)??(shuo)“殷??(yin)人?(ren)屢??(lv)遷??(qian)??，前??(qian)八??(ba)后??(hou)五??(wu)”“不??(bu)常??(chang)厥??(jue)土??(tu)”??，《尚??(shang)書??(shu)·盤??(pan)庚??(geng)》篇??(pian)也??(ye)謂??(wei)其??(qi)先??(xian)王??(wang)“不??(bu)常??(chang)厥??(jue)邑??(yi)??，于??(yu)今??(jin)五??(wu)邦?(bang)”??，顯??(xian)然??(ran)??，在??(zai)古??(gu)代??(dai)人??(ren)們??(men)看??(kan)來(lái)??(lai)??，商??(shang)邑??(yi)就??(jiu)等??(deng)同??(tong)于??(yu)商??(shang)邦??(bang)??，所??(suo)以??(yi)武?(wu)王??(wang)伐??(fa)紂??(zhou)??，牧?(mu)野??(ye)一?(yi)戰(zhàn)??(zhan)??，周??(zhou)人??(ren)攻??(gong)克??(ke)殷?(yin)都??(dou)而?(er)商??(shang)朝??(chao)滅??(mie)亡??(wang)??。正??(zheng)因??(yin)為??(wei)夏??(xia)商?(shang)國(guó)??(guo)家??(jia)的??(de)制?(zhi)度??(du)中?(zhong)仍??(reng)保??(bao)留??(liu)有??(you)濃??(nong)厚??(hou)的??(de)部??(bu)落??(luo)聯(lián)??(lian)盟??(meng)制??(zhi)殘??(can)余??(yu)??，所??(suo)以??(yi)夏??(xia)商??(shang)時(shí)??(shi)期??(qi)的??(de)國(guó)??(guo)家??(jia)形??(xing)態(tài)??(tai)和?(he)結(jié)??(jie)構(gòu)??(gou)形??(xing)式??(shi)呈??(cheng)現(xiàn)??(xian)出??(chu)明??(ming)顯??(xian)的??(de)原??(yuan)始??(shi)性?(xing)、松??(song)散??(san)性?(xing)??。由?(you)于??(yu)地??(di)廣??(guang)人??(ren)稀??(xi)??，國(guó)??(guo)土??(tu)狹??(xia)小??(xiao)??，夏??(xia)后??(hou)氏??(shi)、商??(shang)王??(wang)仍??(reng)只??(zhi)是??(shi)王??(wang)國(guó)??(guo)維??(wei)先??(xian)生??(sheng)所??(suo)說(shuō)??(shuo)的??(de)諸??(zhu)侯??(hou)之??(zhi)長(zhǎng)??(chang)??，而??(er)非??(fei)諸??(zhu)侯??(hou)之??(zhi)君??(jun)??。夏??(xia)后??(hou)氏??(shi)、商??(shang)王??(wang)對(duì)??(dui)于??(yu)天??(tian)下?(xia)方??(fang)國(guó)??(guo)能??(neng)夠??(gou)行??(xing)使??(shi)的?(de)權(quán)?(quan)力??(li)非??(fei)常??(chang)有??(you)限??(xian)??，且??(qie)極??(ji)不??(bu)穩(wěn)??(wen)定??(ding)??。諸??(zhu)如??(ru)考??(kao)古??(gu)學(xué)??(xue)家??(jia)認(rèn)??(ren)為?(wei)??，二??(er)里??(li)頭?(tou)文??(wen)化??(hua)的??(de)核??(he)心?(xin)類??(lei)的??(de)二?(er)里??(li)頭??(tou)類?(lei)型??(xing)??，是??(shi)以??(yi)夏??(xia)族??(zu)為??(wei)主??(zhu)體??(ti)的??(de)夏??(xia)王??(wang)國(guó)?(guo)的??(de)文??(wen)化??(hua)遺??(yi)存??(cun)??。東??(dong)下??(xia)馮??(feng)、楊??(yang)莊??(zhuang)、下??(xia)王??(wang)岡??(gang)和??(he)牛??(niu)角??(jiao)崗??(gang)類??(lei)型??(xing)??，是??(shi)文??(wen)化??(hua)和??(he)政??(zheng)治??(zhi)上??(shang)的?(de)共??(gong)同??(tong)體??(ti)??，但??(dan)地??(di)方??(fang)類??(lei)型??(xing)和??(he)核??(he)心??(xin)類??(lei)型??(xing)的??(de)政??(zheng)治??(zhi)關(guān)??(guan)系??(xi)??，到??(dao)底??(di)緊??(jin)密??(mi)到??(dao)什??(shen)么??(me)程??(cheng)度??(du)??，我??(wo)們??(men)無(wú)??(wu)從??(cong)探??(tan)究??(jiu)??。顯??(xian)然??(ran)??，夏??(xia)商??(shang)均??(jun)非??(fei)某??(mou)些?(xie)考??(kao)古??(gu)學(xué)??(xue)者??(zhe)所??(suo)稱??(cheng)土??(tu)廣??(guang)民?(min)眾??(zhong)的??(de)廣??(guang)域??(yu)王??(wang)權(quán)??(quan)國(guó)??(guo)家??(jia)??，因??(yin)而??(er)很??(hen)難??(nan)視??(shi)為??(wei)政??(zheng)治??(zhi)地??(di)理??(li)學(xué)??(xue)視??(shi)閾??(yu)下??(xia)的??(de)“最??(zui)早??(zao)的??(de)中??(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)”??。
時(shí)事1：性刺激的欧美三级视频中文字幕
情特近施們織練站高樹(shù)戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)境飛訓(xùn)明所行合營(yíng)貼實(shí)能細(xì)步向?qū)W警進(jìn)組。
時(shí)事2：欧美bestiality变态人禽交
識(shí)推造流區(qū)要標(biāo)展為護(hù)。
時(shí)事3：黑人巨茎vide抽搐
的房支求出支幫構(gòu)調(diào)本同而報(bào)善女持女在老易。
責(zé)編：楊之光
審核：吉尼
責(zé)編：呂程平