三九養(yǎng)生堂記者 鄧肯·蓋伊 報(bào)道
精彩| 季??(ji)秋??(qiu)之??(zhi)月??(yue)草?(cao)木??(mu)黃??(huang)落??(luo)??，唯??(wei)有??(you)菊??(ju)花??(hua)凌?(ling)霜??(shuang)開??(kai)放??(fang)??，古??(gu)代??(dai)仙??(xian)道??(dao)方??(fang)家??(jia)視?(shi)菊??(ju)花?(hua)為??(wei)“延??(yan)壽??(shou)客?(ke)”??，人??(ren)們??(men)熱??(re)衷??(zhong)在??(zai)重??(zhong)陽??(yang)日??(ri)以??(yi)菊??(ju)花??(hua)祈??(qi)求??(qiu)益??(yi)壽??(shou)延??(yan)年??(nian)??。??在??(zai)人??(ren)煙??(yan)輻??(fu)輳??(cou)、貴??(gui)胄??(zhou)云??(yun)集??(ji)的??(de)都??(dou)市??(shi)??，重??(zhong)陽?(yang)節(jié)??(jie)賞??(shang)菊??(ju)、食??(shi)菊??(ju)習(xí)??(xi)俗??(su)又??(you)得??(de)到??(dao)進(jìn)??(jin)一??(yi)步??(bu)發(fā)??(fa)展??(zhan)??。據(jù)??(ju)《東??(dong)京??(jing)夢??(meng)華??(hua)錄??(lu)》??，北??(bei)宋??(song)汴??(bian)梁??(liang)城??(cheng)的??(de)商?(shang)家??(jia)用??(yong)大??(da)片??(pian)菊??(ju)花??(hua)裝??(zhuang)飾?(shi)酒??(jiu)樓??(lou)入?(ru)口??(kou)??，“皆??(jie)以??(yi)菊??(ju)花??(hua)縛??(fu)成??(cheng)洞??(dong)戶??(hu)”??。到??(dao)了??(le)清??(qing)代??(dai)??，或??(huo)為??(wei)招??(zhao)攬??(lan)顧??(gu)客??(ke)??，或??(huo)為??(wei)眾??(zhong)人??(ren)玩??(wan)賞??(shang)??，茶??(cha)館??(guan)和??(he)富??(fu)貴??(gui)之??(zhi)家??(jia)以?(yi)成??(cheng)百??(bai)上??(shang)千??(qian)盆??(pen)菊??(ju)花??(hua)堆??(dui)疊??(die)成??(cheng)菊?(ju)花??(hua)山??(shan)子??(zi)、菊??(ju)花??(hua)塔??(ta)??，蔚??(wei)為?(wei)壯??(zhuang)觀??(guan)??。該??(gai)俗??(su)沿??(yan)襲??(xi)至??(zhi)今??(jin)??，現(xiàn)??(xian)在??(zai)各?(ge)大??(da)公?(gong)園??(yuan)仍??(reng)有??(you)開?(kai)辦??(ban)大??(da)型??(xing)菊?(ju)展??(zhan)的??(de)活??(huo)動(dòng)??(dong)???！ ∷??(shuang)降??(jiang)是??(shi)唯??(wei)一??(yi)以??(yi)“霜??(shuang)”命??(ming)名?(ming)的??(de)節(jié)??(jie)氣??(qi)??，“霜??(shuang)降??(jiang)”作??(zuo)為??(wei)一??(yi)個(gè)??(ge)古??(gu)典??(dian)意??(yi)象??(xiang)也?(ye)深??(shen)受??(shou)中??(zhong)國?(guo)文??(wen)人??(ren)喜??(xi)愛??(ai)??，屈??(qu)原??(yuan)《遠(yuǎn)??(yuan)游??(you)》就??(jiu)有??(you)“微??(wei)霜??(shuang)降??(jiang)而??(er)下?(xia)淪??(lun)兮??(xi)??，悼??(dao)芳??(fang)草??(cao)之?(zhi)先??(xian)零??(ling)”??，唐??(tang)人??(ren)劉??(liu)長??(chang)卿??(qing)《九??(jiu)日??(ri)登?(deng)李??(li)明??(ming)府??(fu)北??(bei)樓?(lou)》詠?(yong)嘆??(tan)“霜??(shuang)降??(jiang)鴻??(hong)聲??(sheng)切??(qie)??，秋??(qiu)深??(shen)客??(ke)思??(si)迷??(mi)”??。??從??(cong)字??(zi)面??(mian)來?(lai)看??(kan)??，“霜??(shuang)降??(jiang)”給??(gei)人??(ren)一??(yi)種??(zhong)霜??(shuang)“從?(cong)天??(tian)而??(er)降??(jiang)”的??(de)感??(gan)覺??(jiao)??，正??(zheng)如??(ru)民??(min)間??(jian)常??(chang)言??(yan)“下??(xia)霜?(shuang)”一??(yi)般??(ban)??，但??(dan)其??(qi)實(shí)??(shi)霜?(shuang)是??(shi)一??(yi)種??(zhong)依??(yi)地??(di)而?(er)生??(sheng)的??(de)冰??(bing)晶??(jing)??。根??(gen)據(jù)??(ju)氣??(qi)象??(xiang)學(xué)??(xue)定??(ding)義??(yi)??，霜??(shuang)是??(shi)地??(di)表??(biao)溫??(wen)度??(du)下?(xia)降??(jiang)至?(zhi)0℃及??(ji)以??(yi)下??(xia)??，近??(jin)地??(di)面??(mian)空??(kong)氣??(qi)中??(zhong)的??(de)水??(shui)汽??(qi)達(dá)??(da)到??(dao)飽??(bao)和??(he)??，在?(zai)地??(di)面??(mian)或??(huo)近??(jin)地?(di)面?(mian)物??(wu)體??(ti)上??(shang)直??(zhi)接??(jie)凝??(ning)華??(hua)形??(xing)成??(cheng)的??(de)細(xì)??(xi)小??(xiao)冰??(bing)晶??(jing)??。如??(ru)果?(guo)類??(lei)似??(si)的??(de)現(xiàn)??(xian)象??(xiang)出??(chu)現(xiàn)?(xian)在??(zai)高??(gao)空??(kong)的??(de)話??(hua)??，通??(tong)常??(chang)是??(shi)氣??(qi)象??(xiang)學(xué)??(xue)言??(yan)稱??(cheng)的?(de)“霰??(xian)”??，系??(xi)一??(yi)種??(zhong)大??(da)氣??(qi)固?(gu)態(tài)??(tai)降??(jiang)水??(shui)??。古??(gu)人??(ren)常??(chang)以??(yi)“霰??(xian)”和??(he)“霜??(shuang)”近??(jin)似??(si)??，而??(er)將??(jiang)兩??(liang)者??(zhe)并??(bing)舉??(ju)???！稐?(feng)橋??(qiao)夜?(ye)泊??(bo)》中??(zhong)家??(jia)喻?(yu)戶??(hu)曉??(xiao)的??(de)名??(ming)句??(ju)“月??(yue)落??(luo)烏??(wu)啼??(ti)霜??(shuang)滿??(man)天??(tian)??，江??(jiang)楓??(feng)漁??(yu)火??(huo)對??(dui)愁??(chou)眠??(mian)”??，其??(qi)中??(zhong)的?(de)“霜??(shuang)滿??(man)天??(tian)”可??(ke)能??(neng)真??(zhen)正??(zheng)指??(zhi)代??(dai)的??(de)是??(shi)“霰??(xian)滿?(man)天??(tian)”??。
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